Furnace.



No. 738,226. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 190s.. o. MOMILLAN.

PURNAGB.

APPLIGATIONHLBD AUG. 19. 1901. BENEWED PEB. 9, 1909.

No MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. A

' n n n n n n n n n #i l Y QQ" GOOD 30 0 0 D O 0 00000000 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATBNTBD sEPfLB., 1,903.

PURNA'CE.

APPLIoATIoN TILBD AUG. 19, 1901. BENEWED H1B. 9, 1903.

mMcMILLAN.

A I0 MODEL.

Noms man; w. worm-mw. Hmmm u c UNITED STATES Patented September 8, 15203.

PATENT EEIcE.

FURNACE.

sPEorFroArroN rol-ming part of Letters Patent No. 738,226, dated september' s, 190s. Application filed August 19. 1901. Renewed February 9. 1903. Serial No. 142,630. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES McMlLLAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to that class -of furnaces more especially adapted for steam-boil ers-such, for example, as shown and described in my United States Patent No. 296,768, issued April l5, 1884, in which the crown-sheets and other parts of the boiler are protected from the direct and deteriorating` impingeinent of the products of combustion by means of a lining or covering composed of fire-brick or other material capable of withstanding the heat and becoming incandescent therefrom, so as to subserve the further important oflice of uniformlyT distributing` the heat throughout the area covered thereby and also greatly promoting the combustion of the smoke and other light particles of fuel which would otherwise pass off unconsumed.

My present invention relates more especially to the means forsecuring the [ire-brick or covering in place and is designed as an improvement on my aforesaid construction, and has for its primary object to provide means whereby the security of the lining or coating may not be endangered by the corrosive ini'iucnces of the fire or bythe difference in degree of contraction and expansion of the coating or lining and that of the metal, a further object being to constitute such coating or lining of separate sections of convenient and practicable size separately secured, so that in case of damage to one or more of them the damaged ones may be replaced by sound ones without loss of the others and without removing the lining or coating as a whole.

Another object of my invention is to provide a hanging bridge-wall which shall be capable of being placed at any desired point in the length of the flameway or other part of the furnace and of being readily removed and replaced at another point, if necessary, to suit the particular conditions.

XV ith these ends in view my invention consists in certain features of novelty in the construction, combination, and arrangements of parts by which the said objects and certain other objects hereinafter appearing are attained, all as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a furnace con structed according to my invention, a portion of the boiler-coatin g being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view of one of the removable or detached sections of the tile supporting ribs. Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of the attached sections of such tile-supporting ribs. Fig. 4 is a perspective view thereof. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the detached section, also showing a perspective view of the key which holds the bolts hereinafter described. FiO. 6 is a transverse section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 6 G, Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a simi lar section taken on the line 7 '7, Fig. 3. Fig. S is a transverse sectional view of my improved furnace, taken on the line 8 8, Fig. l. Fig. flis a similar section taken on the line 9 9, Fig. l, and Fig. l() is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on the same line as Fig. 8.

In the example of my invention shown in the drawings my improvements are applied to the crown-sheets or that part of the er( terior surface of a steam-boiler which is directly over the iire box and lameway for protecting these parts from the deteriorating influences of the 'direct heat and imparting to the boiler a uniform temperature throughout the area covered by the coating.

l represents the boiler, which maybe of the usual or any suitable construction, 2 the fire-box, and 3 a bridge-wall constructed and arranged in the usual or any suitable way, 4 being the side walls of the masonry in which the boiler is set.

The under side of the boiler, directly over the fire-box 2 and throughout any desired length of the iiameway, is coated and pro tected by the iire -brick lining or coating, which in the particular example of my invention shown in the drawings is composed of a plurality of sections or bricks 5, arranged in circumferential rows in preference to longitudinal rows and encompassing that portion of the lower side of the boiler which is exposed to the direct heat. These sections or bricks may be composed of fire-clay, porcelain, or any other material which will with- ICO stand the high degree of temperature and at the same time become incandescent, so as to conduct the heat to the boiler with uniformity and also serve .as a means of promoting the combustion of the smoke and other light par` ticles of the fuel as the same rise from the fuel-bed on their way out of the furnace. The best material for this purpose is ordinary fireclay, though other substances may be used, but for the sake of brevity the term firebrick or fire-clay will be used throughout this specification and the claims hereof as a generic expression, meaning any material having the described characteristics and properties.

Vhether the hre-brick sections 5 are to be secured to the boiler in circumferential or longitudinal rows they will be supported and held in close propinquity to the boiler-sheets by supporting-ribs which run longitudinally of and between such rows and which consist of alternate attached and detached sections, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5. The attached sections, a perspective detail of which is shown in Fig. 4, consists of a member 6, provided on each side with a lateraliiange 7 ,which flange is engaged in longitudinal grooves 8, formed in the contiguous edges of the firebricks 5, as shown in section in Fig. 1, and thus support the fire-bricks against the boiler. These members 6 are secured at short intervals apart around the under side of the boiler in any suitable way, but preferably by means of stud-bolts 9, which are screwed into the boiler-sheets and are threaded in holes 10 in the members 6, and at each end of each of the members 6 is arranged a detached member 11, which is substantially the same in shape in cross-section as the member 7 and is provided on each side with a lateral ange 12, adapted to engage in the grooves S of the contiguous lire-bricks 5 for supporting them.

-These detached members 8 are not secured to the boiler, but are supported bythe members 6 in any suitable way, but preferably by means of sliding bolts 13, which fit into the box-like interior of the members 1l and are adapted to be projected therefrom into engagement with sockets 14, formed in opposite ends of the members 6. The bolts 13 are retracted into the member 11 in order that the latter may be put in place between the contiguous ends ot' two of the members 6, which latter are arranged just far enough apart to admit the member 11 and permit of the movement caused by the contraction and expansion, and after the members 11 are thus disposed the bolts 13 are pushed outwardly in opposite directions into the sockets 14 and are held in their locked position in any suitable way, as by means of short keys 15, which are pushed into transverse apertures 16 in each of the members 11 between the contiguous ends of the bolts 13, the keys 15 being held in place by the contiguous firebricks 5 on opposite sides of the members 11. By the means described it will be seen that the alternate attached and detached members 6 to 11 constitute continuous flange-ribs,which extend parallel with the rows of tire-brick or tile 5 and support the same on both sides, the sections of fire-brick being slipped into place between these ribs as theconstruction of the ribs progresses or, if desired, after all of the sections constituting the ribs have been placed around the boiler, and should any one or more of the flrebrick sections become damaged its renewal involves the mere removal of the sections in front of it Vin that row and the insertion of a new section in the -place of the old one, or, if desired, the old one may bebroken and removed without removing the others in the row and the other slipped up to fill lup thel gap, while one or more new sections may be inserted at the end of the row.

The rib members 6 7 may be composed of iron or any other suitable material; but if composed of metal it is preferable to constitute at least one of the interlocking parts of some material which will be incapable of being cemented to the metal by the action of the sulfur and other chemical elements driven oif by the lire. To this end, therefore, I prefer to compose the bolts 13 of some such material as porcelain, so that they may not be cemented in the sockets 14, and, if desired, the sockets 14 may also be provided with a lining 17, composed of porcelain, enamel, or any other material which is capable of withstanding the heat and preventing the bolt 13 or other interlocking portion of the contiguous rib member from becoming cemented to the member (i by the action of the ire, and, if desired, the interior of the member 11 may also be provided with a similar lining 19 as afurther safeguard against the described objectionable result.

As shown in cross-section in Fig. 1, considerable space or play is left between the contiguous edges of the fire-brick and the supporting-ribs, so as to allow amplel movement for contraction and expansion without damaging any of the parts, but in order that the ribs may be as far as possible protected from the deteriorating influences of the lire the spaces between the fire-bricks are substantially closed by means of shortstrips 19, which are composed of porcelain, iire-clay, or any other suitable fire-resisting material inserted in opposed grooves 20 in the edges of the bricks, it being understood that where the bricks are placed on a curved surface like the conveXed side of the boiler-sheets they will each partake of a part of the curvature, as doalso the rib-sections 6 to 11, and consequently thc grooves 20 will be given a like curvature and the strips 19 curved in conformity therewith and inserted, one at a time, as the firebricks are put in place. The strips 19 are narrower than the distance between the opposed sides of the grooves 20, so as to allow ample freedom of movement during expansion and contraction, should such occur. The outer surface of each of the {ire-bricks is ICS IIO

curved inwardly from each end, as shown in Fig. l, so that when all of the bricks are put in place they will constitute a corrugated surface, with the corrugations running around the boiler. The purpose of this formation is twofold-first, to retard the flying products of combustion and hold the same in contact with the incandescent fire-brick until consumed, and, second, to give the edges of the fire-bricks the necessary body for the insertion of the supporting-ribs and protectingstrips l) without thickening the entire brick to such an extent as to unduly shield the boiler from the action of the heat.

2l is the hanging bridge-wall, hereinbefore referred to, which is constructed of short seotions composed of nre-clay or other like material, cach having a longitudinal channel 22, arranged in a line around the under side of the boiler, so that when placed together these channels constitute a continuous air-passage, as shown in Fig. O, and which passage at cach of its ends is in communication with the eX- ternal atmosphere through air -inlets 23, formed in the masonry l, immediate communication between the inlets and the passage 22 being constituted by tubes 2l, having their inner ends inserted inthe passage 22 and their outer ends connected to boxes 25, placed in the passages Each of the bridge-wall sections 22 is also provided, preferably in its rear side, with one ormore air-outlet perforations 2G, so as to supply a great number of small currents or blasts of air directly to the products of combustion as they pass from the fire-box 2 under the boiler, the bridge-wall 2l being given any desired location with reference to the main bridge-wall In the majority of instances this location will be a short distance inwardly from the main bridge-wall, as shown in Fig. l; but inasmuch as these sections 2l of the bridge-wall are supported by the rib-sections G to l1 it will be seen that the hanging bridge wall may be placed at any point under the boiler where it will be most effective. The arrangement of the bridgewall sections 2l with relation to the contiguous sections of fire-brick 5 is the same as the relation of such fire-bricks to each other, and the spaces between the bridge-wall sections and the contiguous fire-brick sections are closed by means of the porcelain or other like strips I9, as before described, the opposite sides of the bridge -wall sections 2l being grooved, like the fire-brick sections for the reception of the flanges 7 l2.

I have elected to show my improvements in this specification i-n connection with the exterior surface of the boiler-sheets as being the most common type, but it will nevertheless be understood that it would not involve a departure from my invention to employ substantially the same means for securing the lining or coating to the crown-sheets of an internal-combustion chamber for that type of boiler which surrounds or partially surrounds the [ire-box.

Ilaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise interlocking sections, some of which are secured and the balance unsecured to the said surface, substantially as set forth.

2. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, and the latter of which sections are supported on thesaid attached sections, substantially as set forth,

In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, and removable bridging portions supporting the detached sections on the attached sections, substantially as set forth.

4. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, and slidable portions retractable into one set of said sections and projectable over the others, for supporting the detached sections upon the attached sections, substantially as set forth.

5. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of lire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, one of which latter is provided with sockets and the other with sliding bolts adapted to iit into said sockets for supporting the detached sections, substantially as set forth.

(5. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, and non- IOO IIO

metallic, non-combustible, movable members for supporting the detached sections upon the attached sections, substantially as set, forth.

7. In a furnace, the combination with the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, and porcelain bolts for supporting the detached secporting the detached section, and a removable key for holding said bolt in place, substantially as set forth.

9. In a furnace, the combination of the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of fire-bricks and supporting members therefor, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, one of Which latter is provided With sockets in each end, andthe other with two slidable bolts adapted to be projected therefrom into said sockets forsupporting the detached sections, and a key adapted to be inserted between the contiguous ends of said bolts, substantially as set forth.

l0. In a furnace, the combination of the surface to be protected from the heat, of a series of rebricl s and supporting members, the latter of which comprise alternate attached and detached sections, one of which 2o CHARLES MCMILLAN.

Vitnesses z E. B. STUART, W. D. CROSS. 

